Diaphoretic
Profusely sweating, a key cue for several acute conditions
Definition
Diaphoretic refers to profuse perspiration, often cold and clammy. It is a nonspecific but important clinical sign frequently accompanying autonomic nervous system activation.
Common Causes
- Hypoglycemia ('cool and clammy; need some candy')
- Myocardial infarction
- Shock
- Severe pain
- Anxiety or panic attack
- Menopause (hot flashes)
- Hyperthyroidism
- Infection and sepsis
- Medication withdrawal (opioids, alcohol)
Assessment
Assess for accompanying symptoms: altered mental status, chest pain, nausea, tachycardia, hypotension. Check blood glucose and vital signs immediately.
Nursing Interventions
Address the underlying cause urgently. Provide 15 g of fast-acting carbohydrate for hypoglycemia; initiate ACS protocol for suspected MI; replace fluids for shock. Change wet linens to prevent chills and skin breakdown.
NCLEX Relevance
Diaphoresis + chest pain = MI until proven otherwise. Diaphoresis + altered LOC in diabetic = hypoglycemia.