Inflammation

Definition

Inflammation is the body's protective response to injury, infection, or irritation, aimed at eliminating the cause, clearing damaged cells, and initiating healing.

Cardinal Signs (Latin)

• Rubor: Redness
• Calor: Heat
• Tumor: Swelling
• Dolor: Pain
• Functio laesa: Loss of function

Acute vs Chronic

Acute: Rapid onset, short duration, neutrophil-predominant. Chronic: Persistent, macrophage and lymphocyte-predominant; can cause fibrosis and tissue damage.

Nursing Interventions

RICE therapy (Rest, Ice, Compression, Elevation) for musculoskeletal injuries. NSAIDs and corticosteroids for inflammatory conditions. Treat underlying cause. Monitor for progression to chronic inflammation and complications (adhesions, fibrosis, granuloma).

NCLEX Relevance

Foundational pathophysiology concept.