Keloid
An abnormal overgrowth of scar tissue beyond wound borders
Definition
A keloid is an abnormal, firm, raised overgrowth of scar tissue that extends beyond the original wound boundaries, such as keloids differ from hypertrophic scars, which remain within wound margins.
Risk Factors
- Darker skin tones (African, Asian, Hispanic descent)
- Family history
- Areas of high skin tension (chest, shoulders, upper back, earlobes)
- Age 10 to 30
Prevention and Treatment
- Avoid elective skin surgery and piercings in susceptible areas
- Silicone sheets or gel
- Pressure garments
- Intralesional corticosteroid injections
- Cryotherapy, laser, surgical excision (often recurs)
- Radiation after excision
Nursing Interventions
Provide emotional support (cosmetic and functional concerns). Teach prevention: avoid unnecessary skin injury, silicone early in wound healing. Educate that keloids often recur after surgical removal without adjunctive therapy.
NCLEX Relevance
Patient teaching about risk factors and recurrence.