Lacrimation

Definition

Lacrimation is the secretion and flow of tears by the lacrimal gland. Tears lubricate, nourish, and protect the cornea and conjunctiva.

Assessment and Abnormalities

• Excessive tearing (epiphora): Blocked tear duct, foreign body, infection, allergy.
• Decreased tearing (dry eyes/xerophthalmia): Sjögren's syndrome, aging, medications (antihistamines, anticholinergics).

Related Conditions

Corneal abrasion, conjunctivitis, dacryocystitis (lacrimal sac infection), lacrimal duct obstruction (common in newborns).

Nursing Interventions

Teach proper eye care: artificial tears for dryness; warm compresses and gentle massage for infant lacrimal duct obstruction; antibiotic drops for bacterial conjunctivitis. Avoid touching eyes; practice hand hygiene.

NCLEX Relevance

Tested in eye assessment and cranial nerve function (CN VII supplies lacrimal gland).