Phlebitis

Inflammation of a vein, often due to IV therapy

Definition

Phlebitis is inflammation of a vein, typically associated with IV catheters. It may be mechanical (catheter trauma), chemical (irritating drug), or bacterial.

Signs and Symptoms

Redness, warmth, tenderness along the vein
Palpable cord along vein
Swelling
Slowed infusion rate
Streak or 'railroad track' appearance

Grading (INS)

0: No symptoms
1: Erythema at site with or without pain
2: Pain with erythema and/or edema
3: Pain, erythema, streak formation, palpable venous cord
4: All of above + purulent drainage

Nursing Interventions

DISCONTINUE IV at first sign of phlebitis
Warm compresses
Elevate extremity
Restart IV at different site, preferably opposite extremity
Document findings and assessment
Notify provider if purulent or systemic signs

NCLEX Relevance

Discontinue IV and apply warm compresses.