Sterile

Definition

Sterile means completely free of all living microorganisms, including bacterial spores. Achieved through methods such as autoclaving (steam under pressure), dry heat, chemical sterilization, or radiation.

When Sterile Technique Is Required

• Surgery
• Foley catheter insertion
• Central line insertion and dressing changes
• IV insertion
• Sterile wound dressing changes
• Peritoneal dialysis
• Lumbar puncture and other invasive procedures

Principles of Sterile Field

• Sterile-to-sterile contact only
• 1-inch border around field is NOT sterile
• Moisture wicks pathogens (strikethrough)
• Items below waist level not sterile
• Never turn back to sterile field
• Open packages away from body
• Sterile personnel do not reach over non-sterile areas

NCLEX Relevance

Sterile field rules for catheter insertion and central line placement.