Therapeutic Communication
Purposeful communication that promotes patient well-being
Definition
Therapeutic communication is the intentional use of verbal and nonverbal techniques to establish trust, elicit information, and support patients' emotional needs. It is central to nursing practice, especially in mental health.
Effective Techniques
- Active listening
- Open-ended questions
- Reflection: 'You sound anxious.'
- Clarification: 'Tell me more about that.'
- Silence
- Acknowledging feelings
- Summarizing
Non-Therapeutic Techniques (Avoid)
- 'Why' questions (feels accusatory)
- Giving advice
- False reassurance ('Don't worry')
- Minimizing feelings
- Arguing, challenging, judging
- Changing the subject
- Asking closed/yes-no questions when exploration needed
Key Principles
Focus on patient (not nurse); respect culture and values; avoid personal opinions; maintain professional boundaries.
NCLEX Relevance
Correct answers typically involve open-ended questions, reflection, and acknowledging feelings. Avoid 'why' questions.