Narcolepsy

Definition

Narcolepsy is a chronic neurologic sleep disorder characterized by excessive daytime sleepiness and sudden sleep attacks. It involves dysregulation of REM sleep.

Features

• Excessive daytime sleepiness
• Cataplexy: sudden muscle weakness triggered by emotion (laughter, fear)
• Sleep paralysis
• Hypnagogic hallucinations (at sleep onset)

Safety Concerns

Risk of accidents (driving, operating machinery), workplace difficulties, social stigma.

Nursing Interventions

Scheduled naps, good sleep hygiene, stimulant medications (modafinil, methylphenidate), sodium oxybate for cataplexy, SSRIs/SNRIs. Educate about safety: do not drive when sleepy; inform employers as appropriate. Refer to sleep specialist.

NCLEX Relevance

Safety focus is paramount (driving restrictions).