Photophobia

Abnormal sensitivity and pain in response to light

Definition

Photophobia is an abnormal sensitivity to light that causes discomfort or pain. It is a nonspecific symptom that may accompany ocular, neurologic, or systemic conditions.

Causes

  • Meningitis (classic triad: fever, headache, nuchal rigidity, photophobia)
  • Migraine
  • Uveitis, keratitis, corneal abrasion
  • Subarachnoid hemorrhage
  • Glaucoma
  • Drug toxicity
  • Albinism, dilated pupils

Nursing Interventions

Dim lighting, provide sunglasses, pull curtains. Acetaminophen for headache, for meningitis, such as droplet precautions, empiric antibiotics, LP. Eye examination if ocular cause suspected. Medical workup for systemic causes.

NCLEX Relevance

Classic meningitis triad with photophobia.